Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 Pdf Downloadl: Benefits and Features of the British Standard for Design Loads
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 Pdf Downloadl: A Guide for Structural Engineers
If you are a structural engineer who designs buildings and structures, you might have heard of Bs 6399 Part 3 1988. This is a British standard that specifies the design loads for buildings and structures. It covers the loading cases for wind, snow, roof, and imposed loads. It also provides guidance on how to combine these loads and apply load factors and partial safety factors.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 Pdf Downloadl
In this article, we will explain what Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is, why it is important, and how to download it as a pdf file. We will also highlight the main features and benefits of using this standard for your structural design projects. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding of Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 and how to use it effectively.
Introduction
What is Bs 6399 Part 3 1988?
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is a British standard that specifies the design loads for buildings and structures. It is part of the Bs 6399 series that covers various aspects of loading for buildings, such as dead loads, imposed loads, wind loads, snow loads, thermal loads, etc. Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 focuses on the loading cases for wind, snow, roof, and imposed loads.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 was published in December 1988 by the British Standards Institution (BSI). It superseded the previous version of Bs 6399 Part 2 that was published in March 1975. It was also amended in July 1996 to include some corrections and clarifications.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is intended to be used in conjunction with other parts of Bs 6399 and other relevant standards, such as Bs 5950 (structural use of steelwork), Bs 8110 (structural use of concrete), Bs 5268 (structural use of timber), etc.
Why is Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 important?
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is important because it provides a consistent and comprehensive framework for designing buildings and structures that can withstand various types of loads. It helps structural engineers to ensure that their designs are safe, economical, and durable.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is also important because it reflects the current state of knowledge and practice in structural engineering. It incorporates the latest research findings and recommendations from experts in the field. It also takes into account the effects of climate change, such as increased wind speeds and snow accumulation.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is also important because it complies with the requirements of the Building Regulations in the UK. These are statutory rules that set minimum standards for the design and construction of buildings. By following Bs 6399 Part 3 1988, structural engineers can ensure that their designs meet the legal obligations and avoid potential penalties or liabilities.
How to download Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 pdf?
If you want to download Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 as a pdf file, you have two options. You can either buy it from the BSI website or download it for free from a third-party website.
The BSI website is the official source of Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 and other British standards. You can purchase the pdf file for 218.00 (excluding VAT) and download it instantly. You can also order a hard copy for 218.00 (excluding VAT) plus delivery charges. The BSI website also offers online access to Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 and other standards for a subscription fee.
The third-party websites are unofficial sources of Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 and other British standards. They usually offer the pdf file for free or for a lower price than the BSI website. However, they may not be reliable or trustworthy. They may provide outdated, incomplete, or inaccurate versions of the standard. They may also contain viruses, malware, or spyware that can harm your computer or device.
Therefore, we recommend that you download Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 from the BSI website if you want to ensure that you get the authentic and updated version of the standard. Alternatively, you can use a reputable third-party website that has positive reviews and ratings from other users.
Main Features of Bs 6399 Part 3 1988
Scope and application
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 applies to the design of buildings and structures that are subjected to wind, snow, roof, and imposed loads. It covers both permanent and temporary structures, such as houses, offices, factories, bridges, towers, cranes, scaffolds, etc. It also covers both new and existing structures, as well as alterations and extensions to existing structures.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 does not apply to the design of structures that are subjected to other types of loads, such as seismic loads, blast loads, fire loads, etc. It also does not apply to the design of structures that are located in extreme environments, such as offshore platforms, arctic regions, etc. For these cases, other standards or codes of practice should be used.
Design loads and combinations
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 defines the design loads as the forces or pressures that act on a structure due to various sources, such as wind, snow, roof, and imposed loads. It also defines the design load combinations as the combinations of different design loads that need to be considered for each loading case.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 provides tables and formulas for calculating the design loads and combinations for different types of structures and situations. It also provides examples and diagrams to illustrate the application of the tables and formulas.
The design loads and combinations are based on the following principles:
The design loads should represent the most adverse conditions that are likely to occur during the design life of the structure.
The design load combinations should cover all possible combinations of design loads that can occur simultaneously or sequentially.
The design load combinations should take into account the probability and duration of occurrence of each design load.
The design load combinations should take into account the interaction and redistribution of forces between different parts of the structure.
Load factors and partial safety factors
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 introduces the concepts of load factors and partial safety factors to account for the uncertainties and variations in the design loads and the structural resistance. Load factors are numerical values that are applied to the design loads to increase or decrease them according to their nature and importance. Partial safety factors are numerical values that are applied to the structural resistance to reduce it according to its reliability and variability.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 provides tables and formulas for determining the appropriate load factors and partial safety factors for different types of structures and situations. It also provides examples and diagrams to illustrate the application of the tables and formulas.
The load factors and partial safety factors are based on the following principles:
The load factors should reflect the degree of uncertainty and variability in the magnitude and distribution of the design loads.
The partial safety factors should reflect the degree of uncertainty and variability in the strength and stiffness of the structural materials and components.
The load factors and partial safety factors should ensure that the probability of failure or collapse of the structure is acceptably low.
Wind loads and snow loads
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 provides methods for calculating the wind loads and snow loads that act on a structure. Wind loads are the forces or pressures that are caused by the movement of air around a structure. Snow loads are the forces or pressures that are caused by the accumulation of snow on a structure.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 considers various factors that affect the wind loads and snow loads, such as the shape and size of the structure, the location and orientation of the structure, the terrain and surroundings of the structure, the wind speed and direction, the snow density and depth, etc.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 provides tables and formulas for determining the basic wind speed and basic snow load for different regions and zones in the UK. It also provides tables and formulas for modifying the basic wind speed and basic snow load according to various factors, such as the height and exposure of the structure, the shape and size of the roof, the slope and orientation of the roof, etc.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 also provides tables and formulas for calculating the wind pressure coefficients and snow load coefficients for different types of structures and situations. These coefficients are used to convert the basic wind speed and basic snow load into wind pressures and snow pressures that act on different parts of the structure.
Roof loads and imposed loads
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 provides methods for calculating the roof loads and imposed loads that act on a structure. Roof loads are the forces or pressures that are caused by the weight of the roof and its components, such as tiles, insulation, ventilation, etc. Imposed loads are the forces or pressures that are caused by the occupancy and use of the structure, such as people, furniture, equipment, etc.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 considers various factors that affect the roof loads and imposed loads, such as the type and quality of the roof materials and components, the span and spacing of the roof members, the type and category of occupancy and use, etc.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 provides tables for determining the characteristic roof load and characteristic imposed load for different types of roofs and occupancies. The characteristic load is defined as the load that has a probability of not being exceeded in a given period of time. It also provides formulas for modifying the characteristic load according to various factors, such as duration of load, combination of load, redistribution of load, etc.
Benefits of Using Bs 6399 Part 3 1988
Compliance with standards and regulations
One of the main benefits of using Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is that it helps structural engineers to comply with the standards and regulations that govern the design and construction of buildings and structures in the UK. By following Bs 6399 Part 3 1988, structural engineers can ensure that their designs meet the minimum requirements for safety, performance, and quality that are set by the Building Regulations, British Standards Institution (BSI), Institution of Structural Engineers (IStructE), etc.
Compliance with standards and regulations is not only a legal obligation but also a professional responsibility for structural engineers. It demonstrates their competence and credibility in their field. It also protects them from potential claims or disputes that may arise from faulty or inadequate designs.
Accuracy and reliability of calculations
Another benefit of using Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is that it provides accurate and reliable methods for calculating the design loads and combinations for buildings and structures. Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is based on sound scientific principles and extensive research data. It incorporates the latest knowledge and best practices in structural engineering. It also takes into account various factors that affect the loading conditions for different types of structures and situations.
Accuracy and reliability of calculations are essential for structural engineers to ensure that their designs are feasible and economical. They also help to avoid errors or mistakes that may lead to overdesign or underdesign of structures. Overdesign may result in unnecessary costs or waste of materials. Underdesign may result in failure or collapse of structures.
Safety and durability of structures
The ultimate benefit of using Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is that it enhances the safety and durability of buildings and structures. Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 ensures that the structures are designed to withstand the expected loads and combinations that may occur during their design life. It also ensures that the structures have adequate factors of safety and partial safety to account for the uncertainties and variations in the loads and the resistance. It also ensures that the structures are compatible with the other parts of Bs 6399 and other relevant standards that cover other aspects of loading for buildings, such as dead loads, thermal loads, fire loads, etc.
Safety and durability of structures are the primary goals and outcomes of structural engineering. They ensure that the structures can perform their intended functions and serve their intended purposes without causing harm or damage to people, property, or environment. They also ensure that the structures can last for a long time without requiring excessive maintenance or repair.
Conclusion
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is a British standard that specifies the design loads for buildings and structures. It covers the loading cases for wind, snow, roof, and imposed loads. It also provides guidance on how to combine these loads and apply load factors and partial safety factors.
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is important for structural engineers who design buildings and structures that are subjected to these types of loads. It provides a consistent and comprehensive framework for designing safe, economical, and durable structures. It also reflects the current state of knowledge and practice in structural engineering. It also complies with the requirements of the Building Regulations in the UK.
If you want to download Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 as a pdf file, you can either buy it from the BSI website or download it for free from a third-party website. However, we recommend that you download it from the BSI website to ensure that you get the authentic and updated version of the standard.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about Bs 6399 Part 3 1988:
What is the difference between Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 and Eurocode 1?
Eurocode 1 is a European standard that specifies the design loads for buildings and structures. It covers various types of loads, such as wind, snow, thermal, fire, etc. Eurocode 1 is intended to replace Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 and other national standards in Europe. However, Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 is still valid and widely used in the UK until it is officially withdrawn by BSI.
How often is Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 updated?
Bs 6399 Part 3 1988 was published in December 1988 and amended in July 1996. There is no fixed schedule for updating Bs 6399 Part 3 1988. However, BSI may update it when there is a significant change in the state of knowledge or practice in structural engineering or when there is a need to harmonize it with other standards or regulations.
How can I learn more about Bs 6399 Part 3 1988?
If you want to learn more about Bs 6399 Part 3 1988, you can read the standard itself or consult some reference books or online resources that explain it in detail. Some examples are:
Bs 6399-3:1988: Loading for Buildings - Code of Practice for Imposed Roof Loads by BSI
Design of Buildings to BS EN1991-1-4:2005 (Eurocode1: Actions on Structures - General Actions - Wind Actions) by P.D.Smith
Designers' Guide to EN1991-1-4 Eurocode1: Actions on Structures - General Actions - Wind Actions by N.Malhotra
https://www.thenbs.com/PublicationIndex/documents/details?Pub=BSI&DocID=26586
https://www.steelconstruction.info/Loading_for_buildings#Wind_loading
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